Prolactin has which roles?

• A. Prepares breasts for breastfeeding during pregnancy and after birth
• B. Promotes synthesis of milk
• C. Has mood-elevating and calming effects on mother
• D. All of the above

Answer: (D)

Prolactin does several important jobs related to breastfeeding and the mother’s adaptation after birth. It helps prepare the breasts for lactation during pregnancy by stimulating the growth and development of the milk-producing tissue. After birth, prolactin continues to drive milk production in response to suckling, enabling milk synthesis to occur. It also has brain effects that support maternal behaviors and can influence mood, contributing to bonding and a calming effect in the mother. (Milk ejection, or let-down, is actually controlled mainly by oxytocin, not prolactin.) Because prolactin covers production, breast readiness, and maternal mood/bonding, all of these roles are correct.